Once more the very existence of the Shia minority in Pakistan was pictured as being at stake, this time because of a general decline of religious belief.21Close But unlike some Sunni religious parties, which confronted the Ayub Khan regime because of its allegedly anti-Islamic policies,22Close Shia organisations never put any such blame on the new regime. Apart from accusations that armed Shias themselves had provoked the clashes in Lahore,99Close the demand to ban all Shia azdr processions was repeated forcefully at a meeting of six Sunni groups in Lahore on 16 June.100Close A common board was formed comprising the JUI leaders Mufti Mahmud and Ghulam Ghauth Hazarvi as well as Shaikh Husam ud-Din, Master Taj ud-Din Ansari and Shuresh Kashmiri.101Close Hazarvi went as far as accusing fanatic Shia police officers and other civil servants of responsibility for the violence in Muharram.102Close Three weeks later, at a public meeting near the Mochi Gate of Lahores Old City chaired by the D.C. and meant to reconcile local Sunnis and Shias, Hafiz Kifayat Husain and Muzaffar Ali Shamsi repeated the claim that abusing and insulting of any religious authority was absolutely forbidden for Shias. The Shia Muslims of Pakistan have been relentlessly attacked in various ways by the Deobandi Jihadist proxies of the military state that were bred and raised during the 1980s. Pioneering in this sense was the weekly Tanzm-i Ahl-i Hadth (Lahore), which already during Muharram in 1961 had compared the Shias recitation of elegies (mars and nauhajt) with the howling of dogs.77Close But the editor of that journal was just as adamantly denouncing his Sunni countrymen for pr-worshipping and grave-worshipping as he accused the Shias of tazya-worshipping,78Close thus isolating himself among the majority sect, too. On S. Mushtaq Husain see section 4.3, p. 123. With the Shia-Sunni problem on the backburner and public munzart banned since the imposition of martial law, the combative Maulana was apparently eager to open up a new front. By that time, thousands of Shias from other parts of Pakistan had already arrived in the town for the convention scheduled for 1011 February. Zulfiqar Ali Qizilbash (191190), however, was elected to the National Assembly as a member of the Convention Muslim League allied to Ayub Khan in 1962,13Close and Nawab Muzaffar Ali Khan found more time to occupy himself with Shia communal affairs. Dihlavi was on the verge of loosing patience with his rivals in Lahore and giving up the leadership of his campaign at that stage.212Close But the strong support he received from other Shia centres in Pakistan, especially from Multan, encouraged him to free himself from both the ITHS and the APSC and set up a new countrywide organisation in the following year.213Close. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. The Shias of Pakistan 12-Jul-96 Punjab Mailsi Shia Majlis attacked 10. This way of investigation was ridiculed in an editorial of al-Irshd (Karachi), Fasdt k tahqq y aqid k?, reprinted in Razkr 26/35:6 (16 September 1963). I.e. Razkr 31/4243:7. Her siblings Feroze Khan and Dua Malik also follow the mandatory customs . This applied especially to the APSC President Nawab Muzaffar Ali Khan Qizilbash, who became more interested in Shia affairs after having lost executive power,126Close and to Muzaffar Ali Shamsi, who remained the real strongman of the ITHS even after the election of a new chairman in 1961 and his token resignation in 1962.127Close But there were a number of other office-holders in both organisations who had no interest in their dissolution or merger either. The events of 1963 served as a catalyst for a new start in Shia communal organisation, which had been in the air for some years. Translation from Razkr 30/33:3 (1 September 1967). In Pakistan our ulam have become professional zkirs. Account of the recommendations from S. Muhammad Dihlavi, 19 November 1968 (Razkr 31/44:3); see also below, p. 166 (wording of the official statement of 1 November 1968). According to the 196061 annual report of the Anjuman-i Muhammadya Sargodha, syllabi were unified after the April 1960 meeting (Supplement to al-Muballigh 5/2 [March 1961] p. Among them the demands to lift bans against ulam and zkirs during Muharram (No. By 1964 he was again very active in this field, apparently still enjoying privileged access to the ruling circles.14Close Among those disqualified through EBDO were also his distant relative Mumtaz Husain Qizilbash (18971964), who had been Chief Minister of the Khairpur State from 1948 until its dissolution in 1955 and later a minister of the West Pakistan government,15Close and Col. He is making allusions to the way the Auqaf Department made use of the income of auqf for its own purposes; see Malik, Islamisierung, pp. Muammad ibn Ms al-Khwrizm -inventor of Algebra and regarded as the father of Mathematics, was a Persian polymath from Khwarazm, who produced vastly influential works in mathematics, astronomy, and geography. In Razkr 26/32:3+7 (24 August 1963) a resum of the statements of Shaiq Ambalvi, Secretary-General of the APSC, in front of the commission on 18 August is given. Since 1958 he lived in Karachi, serving for the Publications Department of the government and later teaching at Karachi University. See his inaugural speech on 28 August 1964; Razkr 27/2728:5. See a complete list of members in Razkr 29/38:6 (1 October 1966). 6.). The APSC organ Asad (Lahore) and the fortnightly al-Irshd (Karachi) kept their distance from Dihlavis movement, while Muzaffar Ali Shamsis weekly Shahd (Lahore) became outright opposed in 1966. A List of Sunni to (Shia) Islam Converts - Uncovered Sunnism Some 250 ulam and other Shia delegates gathered at Liaqat Bagh chaired by S. Muhammad Dihlavi, whose leadership received a boost by the event.178Close The meeting was organised by Dr S. Ajmal Husain Rizvi (d. 1997), a philanthropist who was to become an important supporter of the new movement in Rawalpindi.179Close The eight plenary sessions were presided over by renowned notables,180Close and a separate meeting of advocates and other jurists authorised Dihlavi to form an Advisory Board of the MAUSP.181Close One resolution tabled by Mufti Jafar Husain rejected a recent legislative bill of the West Pakistan Assembly concerning the inheritance of widows as an interference with Shia personal law, thus contradicting Article 10 of the 1962 constitution;182Close others repeated the demands of the Karachi Convention.183Close It was also decided that S. Muhammad Dihlavi would once more seek an audience with the President together with the Chairmen of the ITHS and the APSC and submit a memorandum, in order to make clear that these were the demands of all Shias in Pakistan.184Close, Until that time, Nawab Qizilbash and Muzaffar Ali Shamsi had not yet taken any steps disclosing their jealousy of the newly emerged Qid-i Millat. Zara Sheikh Secondly, neither did he consider himself a mujtahid entitled to give fatws nor did he have anything to do with politics, but only with the religious demands of his qaum. Let the enemies of Pakistan come forward and tell us, when and where have the Shias abused the sahba? Thus it was no mere coincidence that almost immediately after the Shias convention in Rawalpindi student riots broke out in the same town, which quickly spread to other parts of Pakistan and were joined by violent agitations of various opposition parties.408Close During the last four months until Ayub Khans resignation on 25 March 1969, dealing with the deteriorating law and order situation absorbed all the energies of the government. When all pre-emptive measures had failed and some 15,000 Shias from many parts of Pakistan had gathered in Rawalpindi to start agitation, the government finally decided to give in. Protocol in Razkr 30/78:1+8 (1624 February 1967). Zara Sheikh. Supportive of Dihlavi were the weeklies Razkr and Sha (both Lahore), Durr-i Najaf (Sialkot) and Shihb-i Thqib (Peshawar), the fortnightly al-Muntazar (Lahore), and the monthlies Paym-i Amal, Marif al-Islm (both Lahore), al-Hujjat (Peshawar), al-Marifat (Hyderabad) and al-Muballigh (Sargodha). this is a long and painful story some 5060 years ago some famous preachers have spread these doctrines from the pulpit,287Close although some famous responsible ulam from Lahore and Lucknow have tried to resist them as good as they could but most of the awam did not pay attention to the timely voice of these ulam then in the life-time of these preachers or after their deaths some of their gifted disciples have spread their doctrines over a long period with speeches and articles; some famous books coloured by these doctrines were also published and were readily accepted by the preachers and zkirs and the awm288Close seeking to please the awm, most so-called preachers gave such beliefs more colour (sic). Zameer Akhtar (Pakistan) 8. Remarkably, the mainstream Indian Islamic scholars have posed pertinent and unavoidable questions to Naik. For the demographic distribution of Shias in Pakistan, see sections 1.1, pp. Whatever the Lord of the Martyrs has endured was only for the sake of reviving Islam. Muhammad Bashir Ansari, Haqiq ul-wasit, Vol. Ayub Khan was re-elected president for a fiveyear term by the Basic Democrats on 2 January 1965; see Ziring, The Ayub Khan Era, p. 39. Tawall means friendship with the friends of Muhammad and his family, whereas tabarr means to show that one has nothing to do (l-taalluq k izhr karn) with the enemies of Muhammad and his family , The way of the Sunnis is not to interfere with the mutual rivalries of the great religious figures, but rather to remain silent about these quite to the opposite, the way of the Shias is not to consider those persons or parties which have opposed Muhammad and his family as having been right, and hence to show that they have nothing to do with them , Nobody can change historical facts. He was then still referred to as Mujhid-i Millat by that journal. The text quoted above contained a new element of criticism of the professional preachers, namely the accusation that they were corrupting Shia doctrines with ghulw and tafwz. On Karim Bakhsh Haidari see also section 3.4, pp. Literally: investigators; Muhaqqiq is also an honourable title of some leading Shia authorities of former centuries; see Momen, Introduction, p. 317. An All-Pakistan Shia Mutlabt Convention in Multan on 2728 August 1966 turned out an important milestone of the SMC Movement. Dispersion and disunity are a deadly poison for our demands and an unforgivable crime. I, pp. Translated from al-Muballigh 9/10:56 (November 1965). 34, for a list of the federal cabinets in the period 195868. But he has no right to put himself above the law and try to correct them by force. Dihlavi himself had tried his bestand would continue to do so during the coming yearsnot to challenge the leadership of the old guard, but rather to get them on board for a joint effort. The murder of Syed Ali Raza Abidi highlighted for the umpteenth time that Shia Muslims in Pakistan continue to face a slow motion genocide. To counter all these challenges, it would have been necessary that the ulam of all sects would unite to preserve Islam in the Islamic country. At that time, five Shias were members of the West Pakistan Assembly, all of whom were apparently absent at the day the bill was passed. He was elected Vice-Chairman of the MAUSP (see below) at the 1964 Karachi Convention and would accompany S. Muhammad Dihlavi during all his tours to different towns and districts in Pakistan (Razkr 35/35:4; 16 September 1971); see also references in Fn 239 to chapter 3, p. 376). Bangash has pointed to the fact that the Shias of the Kurram Agency enthusiastically supported the SMC although its three central demands were already fulfilled in their home area (Political and Administrative Development of Tribal Areas, pp. Yet in that respect, he claimed to enjoy support from all Shia organisations and anjumans. The respect for religion is vanishing. Therefore we request for a last time from the government to accept our un-political, religious and constitutional demands within three months. The process against him on different sedition cases would continue for years, however. It did not take long until he was even accused of preaching Wahhabi doctrines. Literally: Leader of the Jafarite (i.e. An article in the July 1968 issue of al-Muballigh praised Qizilbash and the APSC Vice-Chairman S. Hadi Ali Shah Bukhari for their role in foiling attempts to nationalise the Dr ul-Ulm (al-Muballigh 12/6:23). Is There Any Hope for Pakistan's Shias? They have become obliged to think that their life, property and religious slogans and ceremonies are no longer safe in this country , It can never happen that a minority sect will give up its old religious beliefs and ceremonies on the orders of the majority sect. A plaque by Shaikh Ahmed Deedat in May 2000, "Son what you have done in 4 years had taken me 40 years to accomplish, Alhamdulillah". The sudden acceptance of the main Shia demands after almost five years of temporising was probably more than anything else a result of the political impasse which the Ayub Khan regime had reached by late 1968. Shaiq Ambalvi during a reception of Qizilbash on 8 November regretted that the government had not made its announcements some months earlier, which would have spared the APSC leaders a lot of trouble. Razkr 26/4:1+5 (24 January 1963); 26/5:23 (1 February 1963). Model. The editor of Razkr had refused to print a rejoinder of Gulab Ali Shah, considering its language detrimental to the dignity of the ulam, but mentioned that polemics and counter-polemics had been published in other Shia journals. 13536. The radical Sunni groups, who had so far not taken Dihlavis movement too seriously, were alarmed by what leaked through from the recommendations of the Board and warned the government from introducing separate dnyt or dividing the Auqaf Department.367Close On 6 August 1967 a Sunni Conference was held in Multan to discuss how to counter the divisive Shia demands.368Close Although only a few dozens of some 400 invited Sunni ulam showed up (among them no Barelvi lim of any standing),369Close speakers included Maulana Mufti Mahmud370Close and even Kausar Niyazi.371Close Resolutions against all three demands of the Shias were passed. On some of the suggestions brought forward in 1962 see Razkr 25/6:6 (February 1962); 25/910:9 (18 March 1962); 25/16:4 (24 April 1962). See references in Fn 219 to chapter 3 (p. 375). The following is a list of notable Shia Muslims . In 2012, at least 325 were killed. 789. Born on May 05, 1947, Ghulam Abbas Mohsin Naqvi was a famous Pakistani poet known for writing ghazals. The SMC Council had thoroughly studied the statement of the government and found it credible, but was demanding further clarifications, which would be sought in a meeting with the Governor Muhammad Musa on 4 November. On the March 1956 convention see section 3.2, pp. As a member of the syllabus committee of Karachi University I have said this many times, and now the two syllabi have also been separated at that university. No textbook on these subjects will be used in schools without approval of the said board. Natasha Ali is a Pakistani entertainer, Model, and host. In Shahd of 5 September he had claimed that no members of the Gardezi family had participated, drawing angry rejoinders (Razkr 29/37:1); see also Razkr 29/39:1 (8 October 1966).
famous shia zakir in pakistan