I grabbed her forehead and her hair a little bit just to keep her a distance away from me and we were both going at it pretty good, Cox said. Ted Turner, the Braves owner at the time, wanted Cox to return in 1985. Bobby Cox was born in Tulsa, OK. How tall is Bobby Cox? His ability to read defenses and exploit weaknesses in his opponents has made him a fan favorite. (via Dirk Hansen). and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. Now youre implying that only abusers can apply force. But Im not sure how much MLB or any sports league can do. It seems to me that a lot is being put on MLB (and the NFL) to address a widespread social issue that has complex sources and causes. And then theres this: It can be dangerous to leave an abuser because the final step in the domestic violence pattern is to kill the victim. There was no hitting of any sort. The conundrum is that the Ms. De La Cretaz is probably right but it is possible she is not. The team drastically improved under his remarkable 4-year stint as a manager and had impressive 'World Series' appearances. Cox took over as manager of the Atlanta Braves in 2002, and he remained there until his retirement in 2008. This is the online home for all things baseball. Cox led the Atlanta Braves to the World Series championship in 1995. She retracted the statement the following day, and the charges were dropped after the couple attended court-ordered counseling.[10]. Yup, there sure is. Matt Bush ran over a dudes head and left him for dead on the side of the road and has been called an inspiration this season. Unfortunately, the team could not perform well, and after 5 disastrous years, Cox fired Russ Nixon and became the manager for the rest of the season. Later that week, Cox and his wife called a press conference and revealed the whole incident had been a misunderstanding. Cito Gaston was brought in as a coach for the team because of Cox, and Gaston would be named manager of the Jays years later. Family and friends can send flowers and condolences in . Cox and his wife, Pamela, have six daughters: Keisha, Connie, Shelly, Skyla, Kami, and Debbie, and two sons, Bobby Cox Jr. and Randy. I must ask why you chose to focus on Bobby Cox? On December 7, 1967, he became part of the 'New York Yankees' and played two seasons, mostly as a 3B. Can abusers become model citizens with the proper help? Popularity Most Popular #78992 Baseball Manager #17 81 Year Old Gemini #7 Gemini Coach #15 Gemini Named Bobby #5 Last Name Cox He was loved and cherished by many people including : his wife Claudia; his children, Brian and Charity (Collin); his siblings, Becky (Donnie) and Bubba (Joyce); and his parents, Floyd W. Cox and Viola E. Cox of Wrightsville Beach. In April 2019, the day after Cox had participated in the home-opening day festivities of the 'Braves, he had a stroke and was admitted to hospital. For that matter, you would not want to be the MLB the first time they get sued when someone challenges the ruling. He recorded a 100-win season six times, a record matched only by Joe McCarthy. In 1976, he led the Syracuse Chiefs to the International League's Governors' Cup title. In 1995, the Atlanta Braves won Cox's only World Series championship as a manager, over the Cleveland Indians. Basically, she writes from the false pedestal that domestic violence is a man-against-woman crime, and she frames said violence to portray the woman as the always innocent, noble, and honest victim of these hateful male-perpetrated acts. In the 1990 draft, Cox picked Chipper Jones for the following season, and the 'Braves' dramatically moved from the last position to the top. Bobby's grandson Logan Watson manages the chicken operation and the soil fertility program for all three crops. } Still a determined man. Here you'll find information on the game of baseball, from the rules to the history. I could be wrong, of course, but I dont think that was the point of the article. by Retrosheet. There are examples of serious beatings, not to mention rapes. Youre painting a pretty detailed picture of someone based solely on one incident, and not only that, youre using a very broad paintbrush to paint a lot of people as something. If some players are allowed to use PEDs then it pressures everyone to use PEDs. He did a great job of transforming the Braves from cellar-dwellers to perennial contenders by utilizing a strategy that worked. [19] By a strange twist of fate, his first ejection happened while managing of the Braves in a game against the Mets on May 1, 1978. Having the skills/abilities to thrive in baseball and being a good person arent even remotely related. Cox first managed the Braves from 1978 to 1981, and then managed the Blue Jays from 1982 to 1985. Bobby Cox weighed 180 lbs (81 kg) when playing. And in . After going through two managers over the course of less than five years with disastrous results in attendance and outlook, Cox fired Russ Nixon in June 1990 and named himself field manager. Presumably, this will damage the quality of the product. On September 23, 2009, the 'Braves' granted Cox a 1-year contract extension through 2010. The Braves won the National League West division title in 1982 and finished second in both 1983 and 1984 under Cox's successor Joe Torre. ), The decision to print this was, as former POTUS George H. W. Bush was fond of saying, Beyond the pale.. However, the Arizona Diamondbacks defeated the Braves in five games in the NLCS. Bobby Cox Neal Eugene "Bobby" Cox Sr., 69, of 3065 Mt. Atlanta Braves manager Robert Joe Cox has had a long and distinguished career in baseball. Bobby Joe Cox Wellford, SC Bobby Joe Cox, 75, of 148 Cox Road passed away on Friday, July 24, 2015. Everyone involved likely hoped that downplaying the incident would make it go away, which it essentially did. No followup at all with the parties affected. Instead, Ill point out that you do a fantastic job of touching on different parts of the abuse graphic: It pains me to see Britni spelled with an i more than seeing Chapman and Reyes on the field Emotional abuse, Abuse sucks, but demonizing baseball players isnt going to stop it Minimizing, denying and blaming, Corporations only care about the bad PR. One look at the National Center on Domestic and Sexual Violences Power and Control Wheel shows almost all the behaviors identified in the police report or the press conference. He made his debut with the team in 1978 and quickly became one of their best players. Uncovering The Mystery Behind The Golden Glove Award What It Takes To Receive This Prestigious Honor. What would you expect baseball to do in 2016? Philip all of what you wrote is stupid, but my guess is you dont care. You can set any standard of evidence you like for your own personal judgement. This decision was heavily impacted by the players' strike that had taken place back then. In 1992, Cox's Braves held a 31 lead in the National League Championship Series against the Pittsburgh Pirates before losing Games 5 and 6, although they did win Game 7 on Francisco Cabrera's ninth-inning, two-out, pinch-hit, two-run single. Coxs ability to motivate his players is also well known. Shame on you and please get help. We, of course, have no way of knowing how many times their daughter witnessed the abuse, but if it was indeed ongoing, research tells us that she not only saw it, but was affected by it in both large and small ways. Cox was named the 1995 World Series Most Valuable Player after leading his Cleveland Indians to a championship in his first season as a manager. Per the policy: Investigations: Bobby Cox Obituary. The team's attendance had dropped, and the team owner, Ted Turner, thus decided to dismiss him. In 1966, he moved to the 'Atlanta Braves' and played as a third baseman (or 3B) for their team AAA Richmond the following year. On November 22, 1977, Cox was signed to the 'Atlanta Braves.' Berry Funeral Home Bobby Wayne Cox, age 77, of Alcoa, Tennessee passed away on Wednesday, December 14, 2022. Cox has also been named Manager of the Year by The Sporting News eight times (1985, 1991, 1993, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005). Not only that, just because someone is arrested only one time for domestic violence does not mean it was a one-time thing. Bobby M. Powell passed away on March 17, 2023. Women are frequently violent abusers both physically and verbally yet society accepts, excuses, and even laughs at their behavior. It is with great sadness that we announce the death of Bobby Cox (Fulton, Mississippi), born in Lawrenceburg, Tennessee, who passed away on January 6, 2022, at the age of 82, leaving to mourn family and friends. Bobby is not an abusive man. Shouldnt we be examining the current landscape of the game for changes that can be made? When To Know Its Time To Replace Your Baseball Mitt, Customizing Your Baseball Bag: A Guide To Personalizing Your Equipment. PEDs are banned not because they improve performance but because they are dangerous. The club chose to make it a non-issue, MLB chose to make it a non-issue, and his wife did what she could to make it a non-issue. He rejoined the Braves in 1986 as a general manager. And, certainly, sports leagues cant police marriages. His overall record as the MLB manager in 4,505 games includes 2,504 wins and 2,001 losses in the regular season and 67 wins and 69 losses in the post-season period. Reportedly, Cox had previously questioned and criticized Welke's calls in the series. Bobby Cox was born on May 21, 1941. In 1976, he managed the 'Minor League' team called the 'Syracuse Chiefs' for the 'Governors' Cup' championship. I dont want to share how I know him but Ive been close to Bobby for 20 years. Longtime Atlanta Braves manager and former third baseman who won a World Series Championship both as a player and as a coach. The following year, he was replaced by Bobby Murcer, while Cox was put in the minor team again. An abuser is often comfortable enough with his behavior to be doing it openly in front of the kids, and it is another way to exert control over family members, cultivating a culture of fear in the house. Cox was released from jail later that night on $1,000 bond. In 2002, the Braves won 101 games and led the wild card San Francisco Giants 2 games to 1 before dropping the last two. Bobby Cox Companies, Inc., is a dynamic family restaurant operation dedicated to meeting the needs of today's consumers. The MLB will lose. He was ejected in the ninth inning of Game 3 of the 1992 World Series for throwing a batting helmet onto the field at the SkyDome. He finished his stint as manager with a record of 355 wins and 292 losses for his regular season record. So, yes, you want to turn the MLB into a parallel criminal court where players can be punished for alleged crimes that the criminal justice system may find frivolous but sound bad on the news, In addition, you want lower standards of proof, combined with a process that basically says the MLB can do whatever they want. And with no evidence she said he most likely abused his child in some way. When a preschooler, his family moved to Rochester, Mich. Bobby Gene Cox, 60, of Mose Fitch Lane, Lyndhurst has ended his battle with cancer and has gone home to be with his Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ on Friday, June 25, 2010, at his home. For non-criminal purposes we do not have to have such a standard. She was born on October 20, 1938 in Williamsburg, Kentucky to Nathan Lawson and Beulah Mae (Bowlin) Lawson. Example: There was no hitting of any sort. This is actually a good point of discussion and I believe it is not as obvious as you think. National Center on Domestic and Sexual Violence. The former manager and baseball executive, now 80 years old, sold the 17.3-acre North. His granddaughters, Harper, Rylee, and Brooklyn, were born in 2009, 2011 . Britni, do you know other examples of policies where abusers can be punished without any further involvement or say-so from the victim, and what the victims say about these? Throughout his 38 years as a manager, Cox has demonstrated his ability to lead with efficiency and innovation. Although video replays appeared to show Grissom was safe, umpire Terry Tata called him out, and Cox was tossed in the ensuing argument. He was a member of the New York Yankees baseball team. No one knows, or cares because it doesnt affect their corporate image. Perhaps Britni could address the prospects for modifying the abusers behavior. Wow. Legions of players from earlier eras were vehement racists. How many seasons did Bobby Cox play? According to his Wikipedia article, Bobby Cox has been married to his wife Pamela Cox since 1976, and they have three children together. Cox was named the 'National League Manager of the Year.'. After all, a man should just be a man and take it, right? If the abuser admits he (or she, or they) has a problem and seeks help, does the modified behavior generally hold? I cant believe how pro-domestic abuse the Hardball Times commenters are. But it underlines how difficult these situations are. Bobby Cox is 5-11 (180 cm) tall. Mr.. Should he be ineligible for things like starting playoff games or Hall of Fame induction? His MLB career spanned from 1968 to 1969, playing for the New York Yankees. Domestic abuse 20 years ago was like owning slaves in George Washingtons time? Clearly the author and the people commenting have never met Bobby. In 2019, the International League announced that Cox would be inducted into its Hall of Fame, noting especially his managerial experience with the Chiefs.[26]. His grandson, Luke, was born in 2013. } Bobby Marion Powell. I ran a red light 20 years ago. Because the Braves had not prioritized pitching in the past, Cox chose to focus on it. With 161 ejections, Cox tops the list of the most-ejected 'Major League' managers. By going 5117 over the last two and a half months of the season, they won the division by a game. Cox may have been an abuser and MLB did little to nothing about it. Longtime Atlanta Braves Manager Bobby Cox Sells Georgia Farm for $600K By Randy White Aug 26, 2021 The legendary Atlanta Braves manager Bobby Cox has sold his longtime farm in Adairsville, GA,. We do that because the consquences of criminal guilt are, at least in theory, harsh. In 1995, Cox was booked after his wife reported domestic violence. I am in no position to debate Britnis knowledge of this area; no doubt she is far better versed in the subject than I can hope to be, and I have no doubt her essay is well intentioned. No, the point is that someones off-the-field behavior can impact baseball unfavorably, and baseball has the right to take steps to avoid this. The season saw the suspensions of Aroldis Chapman, Jose Reyes, and Braves player Hector Olivera for partner violence under its new policy, enacted before the season began. As a player, he was a two-time National League pennant winner (1996 and 2000), as well as the Eastern Division champion in 2002. It was the second World Series in which the home team won every game. But one thing the once an abuser, always an abuser stance she seems to take doesnt appear to leave any room for is the possibility of rehabilitation and forgiveness. Its a health issue. Overall, Cox had a highly successful six-year tenure as a minor league manager, compiling a record of 459 wins and 387 defeats (.543) with two league championships. But shes extrapolating way beyond her ability to be certain in this case, given the minute data she has to work with, and shes using those as a broad attack on Coxs character. Certainly wrong by current standards, and worth remembering, but to apply equal weight to the memory seems extreme. Gonna be honest, already regret commenting on this. [13] He finished with a record of 1,883 wins and 1,386 losses in the regular season and 64 wins and 65 losses in the post-season. Domestic abuse is wrong, period. There must be numerous cases of domestic violence involving players and managers over the last 100+ years. Sunday Notes: Bill Haselman Recalls the Brawl That Almost Broke Cal's Streak, Effectively Wild Episode 2000: We Thought of More Things We Like About Baseball, The Sleeper and the Bust Episode: 1169 Sunday FAAB ft. Michael Govier, Starting Pitchers Arent Leaning On Their Best Pitches, MLB Turned a Blind Eye to Bobby Coxs Domestic Abuse, When Dad Hurts Mom: Helping Your Children Heal The Wounds of Witnessing Abuse, Baseball Cannot Tolerate Violence Against Women, Hector Olivera suspended 82 games for violating MLBs domestic violence policy, MLB, MLBPA reveal domestic violence policy, Braves Manager Jailed He and Wife Deny Assault, When Dad Hurts Mom: Helping Your Children Heal the Wounds of Witnessing Abuse, Why Victims Of Domestic Violence Dont Testify, Particularly Against NFL Players, Study shows why domestic violence victims drop charges, Why Women Stay: The Paradox of Abusive Relationships, MLBs record on domestic violence worse than NFLs. APRIL 29 ROSCHON TO BEARS The Cowboys want to take a running back somewhere in this Day 3 of the NFL Draft, but that guy won't be a favored Longhorn. Is Bobby Cox in the Hall of Fame? FamousBirthdays.com - use subject to the practices disclosed in our privacy policy. You say its not a one time thing, yet perhaps Im missing something as Ive never heard of any even rumors of further allegations. Cox began his managerial career in the Yankees farm system in 1971. However, without better evidence we can not KNOW the author is correct about how bad the incident was or that it was/is part or a broader pattern of abuse. Bob is survived by his wife of 55 years, Sue Cox; children, Lori Carter (Todd), Matt Cox (Angie); grandchildren, Madaleine, Josh, Justin; siblings, Bill, Sallie, and Wanda. The Braves made it back to the World Series in 1999, but lost to the defending World Series Champion New York Yankees in four straight games. We have evidence that Cox did something that can not be entirely written off. But abuse seems a little different somehow. The Friendship That Shapes Atlanta Baseball. They watch through doorways or cracks, they stand at the top of staircases, they hid behind furniture. They went on to lose the World Series to his former club the Toronto Blue Jays. The following year, the Braves lost in the best-of-five Division Series for the third straight year. But she said, you know, someone can drop by and talk about the Braves or a baseball game from some year in the past, and he can tell you who was pitching in the third inning. This is disgusting. And youre right, it doesnt. Tell me, in the 20 years since, has there ever been an additional whiff of this behavior?. One of the biggest reasons they avoid court, though, is the fear of retribution from their accusers, that testifying will only further jeopardize their safety and then there is the aspect of how they are often treated by law enforcement officials who ask the wrong questions or dont always take the claims seriously. Cox was a star player in his youth and was drafted by the Braves in the 1968 MLB draft. In 1991, the Braves, along with the Minnesota Twins, became the first teams to go from last place to first place from one year to the next. National League. [20] In a July 2006 game, Cox was unable to save outfielder Jeff Francoeur from ejection; speaking with Atlanta Journal-Constitution beat writer David O'Brien, Francoeur recounted his manager's advice after both men had been sent to the Braves clubhouse: Cox is also the only person among all players and managers to be ejected from two World Series games (1992 and 1996). With heavy hearts, we announce the death of Bobby Cox of Denton, North Carolina, born in Davidson, North Carolina, who passed away on February 15, 2021 at the age of 79. Cox retired from managing in 2010 and was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2014. Eventually he was acquired by the Braves, but never appeared in an MLB game for them either. On September 17, 2010, Cox was ejected for the 158th time in his Major League coaching career during the second inning of a Braves game against the New York Mets; he currently holds the all-time record for most ejections (set on August 14, 2007 with his 132nd), previously held by John McGraw. It puts a product out in front of the public. We are sad to announce that on February 15, 2023, at the age of 85, Sidney Barbee Cox Jr. of Goochland, Virginia, born in Richmond, Virginia passed away. Is there enough evidence here to believe Ms. De La Cretaz? Please accept Echovita's sincere condolences. It's that kind of memory that has remained intact for him. It seems to me that baseball still finds taking drugs to help you be better at your job to be a more serious offense than landing a woman in the hospital. Family Life He had four children with his first wife Debbie and three children with his second wife Pamela. On October 3, 2010, Cox led the Braves to an 87 win over the Phillies and clinched both his and the Braves' first wild card. I actually had no idea about Bobby Cox doing this. [23][24], Cox was unanimously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the 16-member Veterans Committee on December 9, 2013. His wife explained that her swollen red face that the police had noticed while arresting Cox had been caused by crying. Unfortunately, his knee injury stalled his career as a player. It has the right to exercise some quality control over that product. "He's still a strong man. He had four children with his first wife Debbie and three children with his second wife Pamela. He was also the 'Topps' Rookie All-Star Team.' On May 12, 2007, Cox passed Sparky Anderson to become the fourth-winningest manager in major league history, with a record of 2,195 wins and 1,698 losses. Cox's selection Murphy eventually became the team's star player, with two 'National League Most Valuable Player awards and five 'Gold Gloves.' Theyre supposely banned for both reasons, but there is a lot of hypocrisy touting the second. As the author pointed out, many cases of likely domestic abuse dont result in any kind of punishment, not because the man was clearly not guilty, but because he wasnt guilty by a high enough standard to convince a court. Here is Bobby Cox's obituary. Everyone deserves a second chance and he did not throw his second chance away. Coxs account sounds sober and completely viable. It is an awful thing, but barring it occurring in baseball facilities it is the same category with murder, drug dealing, burglary, car theft, fraud, and hundreds of other crimes that occur in society independent of baseball or any other sport. I am inclined to. Myers and Astacio are notable for the fact that both started in the first game following their incidents (Myers was the very next day and Astacios was Opening Day of the following season). The real blind eye turned is by the author, who appears to have a rigid, biased, and inaccurate if obsolete perception of domestic abuse. The immortal line that ended McCarthys career. That is how this behavior affects their business. Cox holds the all-time record for ejections in MLB with 158 (plus an additional three post-season ejections[1]), a record previously held by John McGraw. He is a proud supporter of his local team, the Toronto Blue Jays, and loves to explore the history and culture of the sport. Do your crime, do your time, and then make the best of yourself going forward. In that capacity, he selected players such as Tom Glavine, Steve Avery, John Smoltz, and David Justice. After one semester at Oklahoma State, Cox was drafted by the Los Angeles Dodgers. Why the hell should MLB be giving the functional death penalty to people society doesnt even bother to lock up for any length of time, if at all? Cox chose the latter, while John Schuerholz replaced him as the general manager in October 1990. At the end of his final game with the 'Braves' on October 11, 2010, he received a standing ovation, even though the team was eliminated by the 'San Francisco Giants' in the 'National League Division Series.. I have worked in a public defenders offices before interviewing potential clients who are involved in domestic violence calls. This led to Cox's ejection. Over 70% of domestic violence murders happen after the victim has left the relationship. The article goes on to become borderline libel. And in fact, she said, you know, there are days when Bobby Cox doesn't remember her name or the grandkids' names. Jessy is an avid baseball fan and writer for the popular website, Baseball Writes. If someone was proven to have thrown a game, that player would be banned for life. Its not really disputed that he committed what would be known as abuse. Afterward, an on-field ceremony was held that recognized the long-time Braves manager prior to the scheduled game versus the Chicago Cubs. He indeed admitted to pulling her by the hair and grabbing her forehead. And thats just as wrong, if not more so, than assuming that the one arrest was the only incident. According to police reports, Pamela Cox called police to their home after, she said, Cox punched her in the face and pulled her hair during an argument. But if the same quality of reasoning and evidence used here were applied to baseball or almost any other less-charged subject I think wed all see the rubbish for what it is. 6, add him to Hall", "Cox humbled by entrance into Braves' Hall", "La Russa, Torre, Cox unanimously elected to Hall", "International League Announces 2019 Hall of Fame Class", American League Manager of the Year Award, National League Manager of the Year Award, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Cox&oldid=1140685203, American expatriate baseball people in Canada, American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela, Major League Baseball managers with retired numbers, Sportspeople from the Atlanta metropolitan area, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, October 1,1969,for theNew York Yankees, Career statistics and player information from, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 07:17. Enjoy your 15 minutes. In his 6 successful years as a Minor League manager, Cox's team recorded 459 wins and two league championships. FOX5's Ken Rodriguez has been the only reporter to. He led the Braves to World Series titles in 1995 and 1996. According to Lundy Bancrofts book When Dad Hurts Mom: Helping Your Children Heal The Wounds of Witnessing Abuse: Researchers tell us that three-quarters of children living with violent men are physically present for at least one assault. Play-by-play data prior to 2002 was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted Bobby Cox has four grandchildren: three granddaughters and one grandson. Despite delivering his best, Cox was fired in the 1981 season. I may be echoing many other commenters, but Ill still say my piece. He made a mistake, that is true. I carefully read her words and I respect her knowledge. pushing, shoving, slapping) than women. This change ultimately made the difference when Cox's Blue Jays became only the fifth team to lose a playoff series after leading three games to one to the Kansas City Royals, with the decision by Dick Howser to counter Cox's platooning by starting a right-handed pitcher before going with left-handed relievers in the middle innings proving key. Gutirrez, Daniel; Alvarez, Efraim; Gutirrez (h), Daniel (2006). However, his statements given to the police told a different story. That can be especially true in cases involving celebrities or famous athletes who invite more media attention to a case. Cox retired with a 1,815-1,062 winning percentage and a 1,815-1,082 losing percentage. ); The couple shares 3 children together. ATLANTA - It was almost a year ago to legendary Braves manager, Bobby Cox suffered a severe stroke that left him struggling to speak and walk. The two teams met in the 1991 World Series, which the Twins won in seven games. It seems to me that baseball still finds taking drugs to help you be better at your job to be a more serious offense than landing a woman in the hospital. He grew up in Selma, Fresno County, California, where he attended the 'Selma High School' and the 'Reedley Junior College.'. In 1996, the Braves again won the division title. Nowhere in your article do you provide any proof that the MLB turned a blind eye in its investigation of the incident. He then spent the 1977 season as the first base coach on Billy Martin's staff with the World Serieswinning Yankees before beginning his MLB managerial career. In 1986, he was named general manager of the . Do Not Sell. Get some spine Minimizing, denying and blaming, On your next post, please try to hit the others, Whats more, he also tries to shift the blame onto Pamela, indicating that they were both the aggressors in the situation. Cox also played for the 'Cardenales de Lara' and 'Leones del Caracas clubs of the 'Venezuelan Winter League' from 1967 to 1970. That could be true. Theres no particular reason why baseball should have to be held to the same standard. You say it is not surprising that Pamela has been married to Bobby for over 20 years, and then immediately go on to list reasons she might have including fear of being murdered. From the writers website (http://www.britnidlc.com/): I believe in shattering stigma and changing the world through the power of storytelling.. Cox accepted the position when Turner offered him the opportunity to return to Atlanta. This is significant, because many victims of domestic violence will choose to drop charges or refuse to testify against their abuser, meaning many perpetrators never face convictions or consequences for the abuse.

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