Collaborative research programmes: Building trust from difference. 31(2), 175188. The use of prototypes and models helps to resolve ambiguity and to connect new and extant knowledge. This review aimed to explore the relevance of knowledge transfer as a concept for theory development regarding academic engagement and to give an overview of literature that addresses knowledge transfer in academic engagement. Such mobility can be limited by organizational differences (Galan-Muros and Plewa 2016). Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies The relevance of cultural differences for UI collaborations is confirmed by research from Bruneel et al. 0000122316 00000 n
Organizational cross-cultural differences in the context of innovation-oriented partnerships. McCabe, A., Parker, R., & Cox, S. (2016). 195 0 obj<>stream
This helps to integrate the results of the research (McCabe et al. Here are 6 tips to identify research gaps: 1. The term cultural differences is used to indicate a lack of shared meaning and social conventions (Tsai and Ghoshal 1998). The role and place of knowledge and literature in grounded theory. Send us feedback about these examples. In this paper we focus on these kinds of academic engagement which we define as research partnerships based on high relational involvement in situations where individuals and teams from academic and industrial contexts work together on specific projects and produce common outputs (Perkmann and Walsh 2007, p. 263). We started our review with identifying barriers and facilitators of knowledge transfer. Learn more. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Science and Society Group, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Esther de Wit-de Vries,Henny J. van der Windt&M. P. Gerkema, Glendonbrook Institute for Enterprise Development, Loughborough University London, London, UK, You can also search for this author in Agrawal, A. K. (2001). H|Tn0+HER{iIbr\Y|}gA|#'],+r3?oO&Oe02l$JI3Ln.*Ex'0/ y=\|9J9xd SY@&?f"X2p'#e"*:nlq12`ch=)vm % XWLLgi#$08H$V#bFN5%GLC6ew|0(%
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Resultantly, academic reputation and previous personal ties are important drivers for establishing collaborations (Pinheiro et al. A comprehensive assessment. This could be due to a difference in focus, as Ankrah and AL-Tabbaa (2015) focus on negotiations in the pre-collaboration phase and their data included many results related to academic entrepreneurship, while the papers we analysed focus on the execution of the project and research partnerships. For each of the three topics we identified we will discuss the theoretical insights, their implications and the associated practices for successful knowledge transfer. 2012). The use of prototypes to show underlying relations can help to manage ambiguity. PubMedGoogle Scholar. They sketch a much more dynamic exchange process, in which the industrial application of research outcomes directly influences academic research. This could lead to an underestimation of the importance of the firms efforts to absorb knowledge and communicate its needs to the researcher. International Journal of Management Reviews, 2011; Steinmo 2015; Wang and Lu 2007) and interactional expertise (Canhoto et al. Learn a new word every day. and transmitted securely. We started our review with identifying barriers and facilitators .
2016) and providing data and insight in the application context (Barnes et al. Therefore, these do not fully reflect the trust related concerns we encountered in our analysis. Third, we organized our literature in line with three themescognitive difference, institutional differences and social capital in a summarizing document that formed the basis for the analysis. (2013). To save this word, you'll need to log in. 2011; Galan-Muros and Plewa 2016; Hadjimanolis 2006; Harryson et al. The need to go through the whole knowledge cycle in both phases distinguishes collaborative research from other learning processes. 0000135432 00000 n
The review remains an ongo- (1990). Although university income from academic engagement outranks income derived from selling intellectual property (IP) (Perkmann et al. The results from the Boolean search from the three literature databases were combined in Rayyan (Ouzzani et al. Tie strength is a measure for the frequency of interactions and communication. Powell, W. W., Koput, K. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). 2016). (2015). The term practice can refer to a broad range of activities. There remains uncertainty over the relevance of experience and management capabilities to solve transfer problems related to knowledge differences. In relation to cognitive differences there seems to be agreement that secondment, employee exchange and hiring graduates are important ways to (bi-directionally) transfer the tacit aspects of knowledge and that Master and PhD students can play a particularly important role in this (Gertner et al. Perkmann, M., & Walsh, K. (2007). Frequent meetings and deliberation are key to recognize and solve differences (Morandi 2013; Plewa et al. We start with a general discussion on knowledge flows in academic engagement. startxref
This was necessary as literature on research partnerships is widespread. This is problematic as it makes it hard to understand the cause-effect relations of the individual aspects of cultural differences on knowledge transfer. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, (2016). This is a methodological paper detailing the authors' engagement in the debate surrounding the role of the literature in a grounded theory study. Daghfous, A. Delivered to your inbox! In the same study, tacitness and explicitness (related to knowledge ambiguity) moderated knowledge transfer negatively. 0000122947 00000 n
Additionally, trust is reflected in the absence of formal control mechanisms. 2015). The extant research demonstrates that para-lawyers can be as effective as lawyers in providing specific legal services. 2006; Estrada et al. Thune, T. (2009). (2016) found that such routine based differences, meaning dissimilarities in working methods, could only be resolved when orientation based differences, meaning dissimilarities in goals, were settled. Nurse Res. Buganza, T., Colombo, G., & Landoni, P. (2014). To define knowledge transfer we used the definition by Bloedon and Stokes (1994, p. 44) who defined this as the process by which knowledge concerning the making or doing of useful things contained within one organized setting is brought into use within another organizational context. 18(1), 4469. (2012) focus specifically at the knowledge contribution of the industrial partner. It is important to have the right people, with the right level of expertise, involved in these meetings (Azevedo Ferreira and Rezende Ramos 2015). What does extant literature mean? From these results we selected papers that could help us answer the following research questions: What is known about knowledge transfer in academic engagement according to the extant literature. Trust, communication, the use of intermediaries and experience are found as facilitators for knowledge transfer that help to resolve the identified barriers. qbl=[P1\Gu6/a *y.lm*9;]/7!6k
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Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning. 2009 Aug;18(16):2251-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02684.x. In the following part we will discuss the findings from the literature we reviewed. In ideal circumstances during deep collaboration the industrial partner would take a more equal role as the academics and contribute to the identification of research problems, help with the selection of methods and is engaged in data gathering and analysis. European Journal of Innovation Management, (2000) and Hagedoorn (2002) concluded that there was a lack of research into transfer channels other than commercialization. Cultural differences that are referred to as institutional norms or organizational routines relate to differences in project management and time orientation. This includes identifying gaps in the extant literature. However, arranging IP too early in the collaboration might negatively influence trust between partners (Canhoto et al. 1077 0 obj
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164 0 obj/Data 164 0 R/TransformMethod/UR3/Type/SigRef>>]/Prop_Build<>/App<>/PubSec<>>>/Type/Sig>>/UR<. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Method: The ease with which knowledge is transferred depends on the characteristics of knowledge, similarities in knowledge background and knowledge management capabilities. Furthermore, experience with academic engagement in general and the specific partner in particular will build understanding for the needs of industry and the particular partner more specifically. Simultaneously, the paper collates technical terms related to FinTech that appear repeatedly in each category and explains them. After this, we turn to theoretical insights about how knowledge differences and characteristics influence the effectiveness of knowledge exchange and absorptive capacity. Time orientation relates to differences in what is considered an acceptable period to reach goals, punctuality in meeting deadlines and the continuity of personnel (Barnes et al. Geuna, A., & Muscio, A. 0000019151 00000 n
Login Al-Tabbaa, O., & Ankrah, S. (2016). 2012). DEste, P., & Perkmann, M. (2011). 2011). 0000015879 00000 n
The extent to which cultural differences affect academic engagement is unclear, even as the role of experience to reduce this barrier. They result in ambiguity, problems with knowledge absorption and difficulties with the application of knowledge. 2015; Ulhi et al. 2012). 23(5), 487521. We now turn to practices that can improve knowledge transfer. 42(2), 423442. Which shows that tacit knowledge is transferred in four steps; (1) through creating shared experiences (socialization), after which knowledge is (2) externalized, (3) recombined and (4) internalized. Perkmann, M., Tartari, V., McKelvey, M., Autio, E., Brostrm, A., DEste, P., et al. The entrepreneurial university and individual motivations. 39(7), 858868. Reflecting on the challenges of choosing and using a grounded theory approach. 0000136159 00000 n
Michele ODwyer, Raffaele Filieri & Lisa OMalley, S. A. M. Dolmans, B. Walrave, N. van Stijn, Jos A. Alfaro-Tanco, Miguel Mediavilla & Amaya Erro-Garcs, Amalya L. Oliver, Kathleen Montgomery & Shimrit Barda, Petri Kettunen, Janne Jrvinen, Tomi Mnnist, The Journal of Technology Transfer The three main grounded theory approaches are classic, Straussian and constructivist, and the seminal texts provide conflicting beliefs surrounding the use of literature. [Challenges of the grounded theory approach to a novice researcher]. Universitiesindustry collaboration strategies: A micro-level perspective. Management Science, Moreover, 11 studies used extant literature and 1 study extracted data from a focus group discussion. Ivory tower and industrial innovation. 1998). 2014; Plewa et al. 2002; Gertner et al. Azevedo Ferreira, M. L., & Rezende Ramos, R. (2015). l0+rylfStZ"^34 k| When tacit knowledge needs to be transferred this requires on the job training or the hiring of graduates who worked on the project. Fear for a lack of common interests is reduced by building social capital, which includes, tie-strength, and collaboration experience with the particular partner (Pinheiro et al. Based on extant definitions, we develop a conceptual definition of DT as "a process that aims to improve an entity by triggering . Using extant literature, this paper explores these underdevelopment and entrepreneurship issues to create an integrated solution towards bridging the human, social, and economic development gap. (2013). 2012). Jbqv+ ;:ab Yet, we believe this difference taps into a broader debate, on the governance of university knowledge transfer, presented by Geuna and Muscio (2009), who argue that UI collaborations have a more informal irrational management style than is often assumed. To align goals, projects often start with a project plan, which allocates tasks and responsibilities and milestones in detail (Barnes et al. The paper summarizes the research and findings in this emerging field. 2002; Ghauri and Rosendo-Rios 2016). Drawing up project plans and the use of management tools can help to make differences in goals visible over the course of the project. Therefore, we recommend to carefully select knowledge partners and the persons who represent the company. In our view, an increased understanding of when informal or formal management mechanisms are used is needed. fDdo|xTh}:D6zmH 1}&s'n&7KQk je&z92]\p[b|2 @P[CtHT 2023. (2006). Also Perkmann et al. - 142.132.197.83. 2013b). 2010;17(4):8-17. doi: 10.7748/nr2010.07.17.4.8.c7920. The effects of cognitive distance in universityindustry collaborations: Some evidence from Italian universities. 0000176313 00000 n
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E9k>>SZcYlL[kvsB}`>Oo$VQ |P4`K 71-88. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-07-2019-0270, Copyright 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited, Visit emeraldpublishing.com/platformupdate to discover the latest news and updates, Answers to the most commonly asked questions here. 2016; Ghauri and Rosendo-Rios 2016; Plewa et al. Organizational Dynamics, If experience or management capabilities do not reduce cognitive differences, identifying suitable partners with matching knowledge backgrounds is an important success factor (Galan-Muros and Plewa 2016). Journal of Technology Transfer, 163 33
2011, Hadjimanolis 2006; Wallin et al. Frequent meetings in the initiation stage also help to merge goals, keep them aligned and increase trust (Plewa et al. Knowledge that can be made explicit can be transferred through prototypes, formulas or manuals. 41(155), 118. European Journal of Innovation Management, The next step was to analyse the papers we selected. Our analysis offers practical advice for the management of academic engagement. The evolution of universityindustry linkagesA framework. The paucity of extant data in GT studies is of concern as is the dearth of literature on methods of preparing extant data for analysis in GT studies. Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology. We also identified the most relevant factors and practices for the mitigation of these differences. 58(5), 637651. 39(1/2), 131157. The authors concluded that classic grounded theory principles were appropriate in the context of their doctoral study. 2002; Morandi 2013). In S. Shane (Ed. Although cognitive distance does not diminish the propensity to collaborate, it does limit interaction during the collaboration. Regular contact during the collaboration is important to ensure that goals remain aligned (Buganza et al. Academy of Management Journal, <<97E6A55745F74D43A4B0E2AFE32F05A4>]>>
Communication to determine goals and to discuss what information can be published is the most important way to deal with these differences. xb```f`d`e``)cb@ !6v@N#HPD88@m7+U@L4|b|%v,LRajiXc)91Lf|6zl2 Fs:$DeNN&F^7i_R* GSu[tt WYD66zdmP4t:+ -2+ >fcz@d
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B^"KD79HmUz-&rTX3}2bVQ_/5FpyF@w:X 4$y0$W European Management Journal, Although partners expect to be informed, reports play a minor role in this and are usually only compiled at the end of each phase and perceived as archiving material (Chin et al. The Journal of Technology Transfer, Nonaka (1994) developed the knowledge creation circle to explain tacit knowledge transfer. Simonin, B. In the end we identified relevant papers in 26 different journals. Doctoral students on the universityindustry interface: A review of the literature. In collaborations with low engagement the firm is seen as data source, while all research activities are controlled and conducted by the academic partner. Measuring Business Excellence, R&D Management, Learning through joint ventures: A framework of knowledge acquisition. More than 20 years into the implementation of public charter schools, the U.S. experience can inform policymakers and others about how to achieve the best possible results through charter school policies. endstream
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Use of the literature review to plan and conduct a study requires that you critically Ulhi, J., Neergaard, H., & Bjerregaard, T. (2012). 2011; Wallin et al.
Nonaka, I. 2016; Daghfous 2004; Sandberg et al. k Trust and communication help to overcome both, cognitive differences and differences in goals. How can failure and success of knowledge transfer be explained? They result in differences in language and different logics regarding what methods should be used. 44(1), 82111. A case study of SMEuniversity research collaboration in the context of a small peripheral country (Cyprus). 0000174604 00000 n
The difficult search for compromises in a Canadian industry/university research partnership. Strategic Management Journal, 2013b). 1, pp. implications of the extant research for charter schools and the US education system. Academic engagement, after all, aims to develop novel knowledge that benefits the academic and industrial partner. Little attention has been paid to the practices required to build trust or the effect of trust on knowledge transfer specifically. As a result, combining key words such as academic engagement or research partnerships with knowledge transfer or knowledge management provided limited results. 0000016479 00000 n
Studies on prior knowledge have asked how prior technological knowledge and management capabilities are related. We therefore invite scholars to conduct more research into the relationships we proposed in our model. Cultural differences relating to the application of knowledge and willingness to share knowledge relates to the academic habit to publish results, while industrial partners rather keep knowledge secret. Therefore, we changed the search strategy to an approach in which we used broad Boolean search strings to identify papers on academic engagement from which we manually selected the ones that discuss research partnerships in relation to knowledge transfer. Review of International Comparative Management/Revista De Management Comparat International, 18(3), 282306. Similarity in knowledge backgrounds makes it easier to understand and absorb new knowledge that results from the collaboration. Our framework and the factors found by van Wijk et al. They showed that technological relatedness and technological capability (which increases absorptive capacity) were the most important facilitators of knowledge transfer in UI collaborations. There seems to be agreement on the importance of general collaboration experience, organizational capabilities, and experience with the particular partners for overall collaboration success (Buganza et al. Spontaneously sharing interesting knowledge that is not directly related to the specific project, experience and successful previous collaborations make partners feel that the other is genuinely interested in what is needed and improves insight in the partners needs (Al-Tabbaa and Ankrah 2016; Pinheiro et al. 2015). 35(1), 128152. Journal of Management Studies, Universitiesindustry collaboration: A literature review. Academy of Management Journal, 2016). Also, academics hardly use data that is produced by the industrial partner due to a lack of quality signals of industrial data that is required for academic publication (Canhoto et al. 2008). This study combined results from 75 papers on knowledge transfer to re-evaluate previous quantitative findings from inter- and intra-organizational studies.
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