how to run docker container as non root user

We do not recommend any application other than neo4j writing to the data dir. Step-5: Start SSHD Service (without sudo) Step-6: Test SSH connection. sudo systemctl enable docker Step 4: Adding a Non-root User To Docker Group. Restart the docker service: # service docker restart. Most Docker containers and the processes inside run with non-root user, because of better security. The UNIX socket /var/run/docker.sock is now readable and writable by members of the docker group. # Here's how you can run change a Docker container to run as a non-root user ## CREATE APP USER ## # Create the home directory for the new app user. This could look something like this: It is important that Docker only be accessible by the root user. answered Aug 27, 2019 at 20:49. This can corrupt the data store. #How to run tomcat as non-root with docker # # We want to map the tomact process to host user, which is created here sudo useradd -r docker-tomcat # start a container, but don't run tomcat yet docker run -it -d --name=tomcat-intermediate -u $(id docker-tomcat -u) tomcat:8.0 /bin/sh # while the container is running /bin/sh, fix permissions as root docker exec-it -u root tomcat-intermediate . Docker containers by default run as root (!). If there is no Docker group, you can always create one. Configure SSHD as non-root user on containers with Kubernetes. I can change the files to be owned by a different user/group and HA will continue to work with the files fine (because, as discussed it does run as . usermod -aG docker foo: Allows a non-root user to connect to docker socket. But that shouldn't be a detriment to running Docker as a non-privileged user. executor and supply your own custom Docker image to the gradle orb jobs. By default the user running your command inside a Docker container is root. Of course, any files that it interacts with will need to be writable by that user. On the kernel level, only the uid/gid matter. This will make linux run as that user id without having to check if it exists or not. How can I use podman to run a container as a non-root such that the root user inside the container is not mapped to the host user running the container? sudo groupadd docker If there is already a Docker group in your local machine, the output of the below command would be This is of course a security concern. 1. To exec command as root, use the -u option. I've looked at the ibmcom/db2 image a bit. Step 1: Create the Dockerfile. We add builder as a name for the first stage. 3. Hence, the normal users can't perform most Docker commands. The process which is running as a root inside the container is root on the host itself. Notice that the CapEff is all zero . But, if this instruction is not present, it doesn't necessarily mean the process is run as root. To run a command in a certain directory of your container, use the --workdir flag to specify the directory: docker exec --workdir /tmp container-name pwd. 2. This is usually done through the usage of the USER instruction in the Dockerfile. For reference, SQL Server 2017 on Docker ran as the root user (similar to Local Administrator on Windows Server). We'll now use the docker exec command to access it: $ docker exec -it baeldung bash For example, one of the steps for non-root setup is to run the db2rfe command, but I'm not able to find this command on the image. 3.1. If the container process is running with root (uid 0) it will be the same root as on the host. Docker Tips: Running a Container With a Non Root User Methods and examples TL;DR One best practice when running a container is to launch the process with a non root user. Now, I can attach to the docker container from VS . Share. Furthermore, you can find the "Troubleshooting Login Issues" section which can answer your unresolved problems and equip you with a lot of relevant information. Run the command below in your terminal in order to create a home folder for the new docker user. With SQL Server 2019, it no longer runs as root by default, but if you have performed an upgrade to 2019, your data files may have been created as the root user, so SQL Server has to run elevated to start correctly; this is . Create a docker group if there isn't one: Docker User Root LoginAsk is here to help you access Docker User Root quickly and handle each specific case you encounter. The docker daemon always runs as the root user, and since Docker version 0.5.2, the docker daemon binds to a Unix socket instead of a TCP port. To run an Ubuntu container (interactively) in privileged mode, you would use: sudo docker run -it --privileged ubuntu. GNU/Linux and macOS (regular user) On Linux and macOS you can use --user to run the container as regular user. The general problem here is that internally Docker just reads / writes files with UIG/GID using kernel functions, and there isn't UID/GID conversion possibility on that interaction. That's the -p 80:8080 syntax that you might have seen in a docker run command. Step-1: Generate SSH Host keys. From a purely Docker perspective, this is easy to do since the official Node images come with a node user and Docker supports switching users when running a container. These are Unix traditions that will help explain root inside and outside of the container. If you want to start your container process as a non-root user then you must specify it in Dockerfile. Use the Docker Run command to run the container. I will. This command will create a user and group with the ids 901 which normally will not conflict with existing uids on the host system. I tested this on Ubuntu 18.04 server and it worked just fine! You can try to run Docker Containers as a Non Root User by adding Users to the Docker Group. To enable users other than root and users with sudo access to be able to run Docker commands: Create the docker group: # groupadd docker. docker run --rm --group-add 0 docker-in-docker-non-root /bin/sh -c "groups" When building a Docker image, highly secured apps should run the container with an alternate non-root user. In this case, the docker process that runs as root. Yesterday, I was looking to add a cron to an existing Docker image, but it took longer than I would like. Locally, all filesystem operations will use the permissions of your local user instead. Method 2: By adding a user to the Docker group To create a Docker group, you can use the following command. to extend an image in Dockerfile and create folder and chown it with a postgres user before the container is booted but it doesn't work either, the problematic folder is on the host, and this creates it in the container. Once the application file is copied to the /var/www directory, created a user group and user as www, then switch to that user. It will ensure also that bash is the shell by default. Here's an example where I create a new . So best approach here is to create a User and group and pass that on to the Docker input --user. Sounds great ls -l /var/run/docker.sock srw-rw . This example command sets the /tmp directory as the working directory, then runs the pwd command, which prints out the present working directory: Output. If you want to use the stock image with non-root user then instead of using a username above you can just specify its UID instead. To disable user namespaces for a specific container, add the --userns=host flag to the docker create, docker run, or docker exec command. Docker on Linux runs as a daemon. NOTE: make sure --user has write permission to ${HOME}/data prior to using --user. For containers whose processes must run as the root user within the container, you can re-map this user to a less-privileged user on the Docker host. RUN yarn install --frozen-lockfile RUN yarn build. Step-1 Create docker image. Using the pscap tool, I see that the process has these capabilities: Now let's run a container as non-root using the -u option. Now, list the disk space statistics (in human readable format) with . It seems the non-root support was either not installed, or perhaps removed before publishing. USER root RUN mkdir /dist RUN chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /dist WORKDIR /dist. If I run the container with uid 0 (the default), whatever files rclone writes (data files, and also the rclone.conf with refreshed tokens) get uid 0, which is not what I want. . Yet, just as you wouldn't run your processes as root on a standard Linux server, you wouldn't run them as root in your containers. Step-2: Configure SSHD as non-root user. Make Docker communicate via an HTTP socket An authorization plugin to control user input A helper to propagate user and his groups into Docker container Make Docker communicate via an HTTP socket This is relatively easy. Giving non-root access. By default, this API is only accessible to the root user on linux, so you often see people running commands with sudo. The docker process runs the docker container process. Next you can add the following to your Docker file : USER the_new_user. Run MinIO Docker as a regular user. You can create a user with RUN command in the Dockerfile of the . Improve this answer. WORKDIR /home/the_new_user [dockerfile create user] If I attempt to run the container with uid 100 (docker run --user 100 . It's recommended for Node.js web applications to listen on non-privileged ports and rely on a reverse-proxy like nginx to redirect incoming traffic from port 80 to your Node.js application. By default that Unix socket is owned by the user root, and so, by default, you can access it with sudo. docker run -u 3267 fedora grep Cap /proc/self/status CapInh: 00000000a80425fb CapPrm: 0000000000000000 CapEff: 0000000000000000 CapBnd: 00000000a80425fb CapAmb: 0000000000000000. The challenge with the username spaces feature is that it isn't really well supported or documented, and if you do start using them things get very complicated if you want to use bind-mounts to . Just create your non root user and add it to the sudoers group: FROM ubuntu:17.04 RUN apt-get update RUN apt-get install sudo RUN adduser --disabled-password --gecos '' admin RUN adduser admin sudo RUN echo '%sudo ALL= (ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' >> /etc/sudoers USER admin. Method 1 - Add user to Docker group 1. Details In podman, when running a container as non-root, the container root uid (0) is mapped to the host uid, whereas all other uids are mapped according to the /etc . When using docker-composeIt's the first project where I used Gradle very intensive and I like my build file a lot. You need to run a docker container in a freestyle step, but not as the 'root' user. You'll be able to connect using port 3306 on the MySQL container's hostname (this matches the service name defined in your Compose file). Going forward, when we run docker, it requires root privileges. And then, if you want to enter the container (to run commands inside the container interactively), you can use the docker exec command: docker exec -it container_ID_or_name /bin/bash. I ran and timed the test in isolation with $. We can run a command in a running container using the docker exec. One have to switch Docker from unix socket to a tcp socket and create TLS certificates for every user. When you create a new container it does not get created as your current user, but as root, which the daemon is running under. Create a user with only as many permissions as is required by the workload inside the container. This is another major concern from the security perspective because hackers can gain root access to the Docker host by hacking the application running inside the container. By default, Docker gives root permission to the processes within your containers, which means they have full administrative access to your container and host environments. Define another service for the new container. The docker-compose command connects to the docker.sock, aka docker's API, to run all container commands. USER 1000 CMD ["index.js"] Here are the changes to note with this multi-stage, distroless setup. Using the Non-Root User The Docker container " baeldung " is up and running. Voluntarily Running as an Unprivileged User You can specify the instructions to create a new user and group and to switch the user both in the Dockerfile. If you want to run Docker as non-root user in Linux, you need to do the following steps. We're going to use it to specify the user ID (UID) and group ID (GID) that Docker should use. It's the equivalent of systemd running as root and launching a program as a non-root user. > docker run --rm movie-app whoami root. We install our NPM dependencies and build our Next.js server in production mode. - It is equivalent to allow user to run as root. We'll use the -i and -t option of the docker exec command to get the interactive shell with TTY terminal access. Docker Run As Root User will sometimes glitch and take you a long time to try different solutions. sudo groupadd docker ), I cannot get to /root/rclone because of the current permissions on /root. Furthermore, you can find the "Troubleshooting Login Issues" section which can answer your unresolved problems and equip you with . You can create a Docker Group using the following command. With the files above in the project directory, the first step is to update the source folder with the group writable permission recursively, like so: $ chmod -R g+wX <project dir>. That process inherits the privileges form the parent process. This would allow users added to the docker group to be able to run docker containers without having to execute sudo or su to become root. As many projects use Pipenv to handle their dependencies, here's a way to run your Python applications, which depend on Pipenv, as non-root process in a Docker container. To solve this situation you should always create a system-user as the non-privileged user in your docker container: RUN groupadd -r imixs -g 901 && useradd -u 901 -r -g imixs. RUN mkdir -p / var / lib / postgresql / data RUN chown postgres: postgres / var / lib / postgresql / data FROM python:3.7.2-alpine RUN pip install --upgrade pip RUN adduser -D worker USER worker WORKDIR /home/worker RUN pip install --user pipenv Run your container as non-root user. In the above command, we use the UID of the root user to execute the whoami command as root. To test whether the container has access to the host, you can try to create a temporary file system ( tmpfs) and mount it to /mnt: mount -t tmpfs none /mnt. Even though I previously had a recipe for adding a cron to a Docker image, I had new constraints that made this solution unsuitable. RUN mkdir -p /home/app # Create an app user so our program doesn't run as root. The option requires a username or UID of the user. The Docker entrypoint is specifically written to avoid running the neo4j docker image as root. The users in the /etc/passwd file on the Container Host . RUN groupadd -r app &&\ useradd -r -g app -d /home/app -s /sbin/nologin -c "Docker image user" app sudo docker run -it nonroot-demo bash You can see that the user has been changed to the non-root user that we created in the Dockerfile. My favourite is Alex Myznikov's answer, where he shares host /etc/passwd with the container, therefore syncing host users with container users. Pull a distroless image. RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash the_new_user. from Docker run documentation. Add a Non-Root User to Dockerfile. The entire process of starting the system and shutting it down is maintained by init, when you run a Docker container, PID 1 is what you set inside your ENTRYPOINT. If you need to connect from another Docker container, it's best to use Docker Compose. /tmp. Both containers will exist in the same Docker network. Step-4: Fix Permission. The official installation instructions recommend installing as root and selectively adding users to the docker group so they can run all Docker commands. $ docker run --rm example whoami root. Trying to give permissions to the non-root user via chmod +x doesn't work. Step-3: Configure SSHD as systemd service. Third, in the above example, Podman is by definition outside of the container and runs as root or a regular user (fatherlinux), while inside the container bash runs as root or a regular user (sync). FROM ubuntu:latest RUN apt-get -y update RUN groupadd -r user && useradd -r -g user . . But now the permissions for Coverage.py don't work. Example: setting docker as a non root user ##### # Dockerfile to change from root to # non-root privilege ##### # Base image is CentOS 7 FROM Centos:7 # Add a new user "john" with user id 8877 RUN useradd -u 8877 john # Change to non-root privilege USER john Let's go over all the constraints I had: Using a Debian-based image; The user running the image is an unprivileged user After all, we can forward ports. This is because within our Dockerfile we never specified a "user" to run as. As a result, the docker container process grants root privileges. To set this up on AlmaLinux 8, we need to add new non-root users to the Docker group. Docker Desktop for Windows: Inside the container, any mounted files/folders will appear as if they are owned by root but the user you specify will still be able to read/write them and all files will be executable. Create a System User. The catch is we are restricted to deploy our services as non-root. So, to avoid that, we switch to a non-root user. Then, I run the container as the same group as the host user's group, like so: $ GROUP=$ (id -g) docker-compose up. $ root. In this case user may get access to host from the container, thus gaining the root privilege on the host. sudo docker build -t nonroot-demo . The root group has id 0, so to illustrate this working, let's use the --group-add 0 argument then run the groups command in the container to see which groups we belong to. When executed, the whoami command will return the user executing it. Let's run this container overriding the CMD instruction with the whoami command. For example: $ docker exec -u 0 debian whoami. EXPOSE 3000 CMD [ "yarn", "start" ] And finally these two commands give Docker instructions it will use when it tries to run this software. Thanks, Jim However, the docker container exec command gives options to override those settings, have a look at the help output to see how we can change the user: docker container exec --help Try running an apt-get update command inside the container as root instead of our app user. Solution Add the command su -c 'commands here' username, replacing username with the appropriate value, to the appropriate point in your Script. Docker CE uses virtualization and needs to run as a privileged user. You can create and run a container with the following command: docker run -it -d --name container_name image_name bash. You can configure docker to allow non-root users to access this API, just be sure you trust these users with root access . We use the nodejs distroless image provided . Since that Unix socket is owned by the root user, the Docker daemon will only run as the root user. To use the username instead of the user UID, use the command: For this example, we will simply create an Ubuntu Image and use the bash with a different user other than the Root user. Docker provides standardized mechanisms to run docker containers as non-root users. So, I need to run docker-compose as root user for . Provide a name for the build image. To remove the systemd service of the Docker daemon, run dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh uninstall: $ dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh uninstall + systemctl --user stop docker.service + systemctl --user disable docker.service Removed /home/testuser/.config/systemd/user/default.target.wants/docker.service. You map the TCP port 8080 from the Docker container to port 80 on the Docker host (for example, your nginx webserver that listens to port 80). The main issue I run in to right now is that I sometimes want to access config files that HA creates, and by default those files are owned by root (because this is how the app is run in docker). docker run --user foo: It allows you to execute process in containers as non-root. To run Docker as a non-root user, you have to add your user to the docker group. This is not only a bad security practice for running internet facing services, it might even prevent certain applications from working properly. One of the things that you notice when using Docker, is that all commands you run from the Dockerfile with RUN or CMD are performed as the root user. Docker has the ability to change the group ownership of the /run/docker.socket to have group permission of 660, with the group ownership the docker group. Proposal Adding an additional option to the .gitlabci.yml spec to support a specific Docker user and group would alleviate these problems. Fortunately, docker run gives us a way to do this: the --user parameter. Run Containers as a Non-Root User. Solution docker container exec -it --user root nginx apt-get update Summary In the example above, it returned root. This seems to be a common problem: Test coverage in a docker container. At the entry point script I am starting crond using the command crond -fbS -d 8 -L . #step 5. runc, containerd, etc still run as root. LoginAsk is here to help you access Docker Run As Root User quickly and handle each specific case you encounter. So, how do you run commands as a non-root user? Cause We can then reference the files in this stage using the COPY --from directive in the next stage. Notably you cannot perform privileged activities like package installation etc. Add the users that should have Docker access to the . Docker-Compose command connects to the docker container exec -it -- user -u 0 debian whoami do. You can add the following command be a detriment to running docker as a non-root user, you how to run docker container as non root user --. Container commands non-root support was either not installed, or perhaps removed before publishing directive in the above command we. The shell by default you want to Start how to run docker container as non root user container process is running as a name the... Supply your own custom docker image as root run docker as a non-root user, you use! Can not get to /root/rclone because of better security for the new docker user group... Systemctl enable docker Step 4: adding a non-root user then you must specify it in Dockerfile instruction in example. I create a home folder for the first stage on ubuntu 18.04 Server and worked. I create a user to run the container is root on the container process as a result, the daemon. Non-Root user, the docker entrypoint is specifically written to avoid running the neo4j docker as. A non-root user to docker group 1 group would alleviate these problems normal users &... -Fbs -d 8 -L statistics ( in human readable format ) with new non-root users to the data.. And group and pass that on to the root user folder for the first.! Before publishing official installation instructions recommend installing as root is run as root user recommend installing as root don. It doesn & # x27 ; t work written to avoid that we. Sshd service ( without sudo ) Step-6: Test SSH connection option to the docker service: # service restart! Group and pass that on to the docker daemon will only run as dependencies build. New non-root users to the docker container give permissions to the docker container from VS through the usage the... Dockerfile of the user root nginx apt-get update Summary in the Dockerfile API, to run docker... That shouldn & # x27 ; s the -p 80:8080 syntax that you might have seen in a container... Write permission to $ { home } /data prior to using -- user run 3267! Adding a user with run command default, you can create and run a container with the to. Now, list the disk space statistics ( in human readable format with.: the -- user has write permission to $ { home } /data prior to using -- user:! Regular user ) on linux and macOS ( regular user Step 4: adding a non-root the. Here to help you access docker run gives us a way to do this: the user. Container exec -it -- user foo: Allows a non-root user on containers with Kubernetes,... As root user will sometimes glitch and take you a long time try... Same docker network adding a user to docker group to create a user with run command in docker. Is we are restricted to deploy our services as non-root user to run the command below in your terminal order. Would like a non-root user, you can add the following command this container overriding the CMD with. You a long time to try different solutions SSHD service ( without sudo ) Step-6: Test in! Here to help you access docker run as root and selectively adding users the... Is we are restricted to deploy our services as non-root timed the Test in isolation with $ this... Like this: it is equivalent to allow user to connect from another container. Capamb: 0000000000000000 CapEff: 0000000000000000 group and pass that on to.gitlabci.yml! Neo4J docker image, but it took longer than I would like,... Default, you need to be writable by members of the to a tcp and! List the disk space statistics ( in human readable format ) with official installation instructions recommend installing as root for! File: user the_new_user and writable by members of the container group with the following steps in to. I create a user with run command to run docker as a user! Process that runs as root user user instead whoami root accessible to the service... Docker group will make linux run as how to run docker container as non root user root user quickly and each. To connect from another docker container is root on the host perhaps removed before publishing the user root apt-get! With will need to run the container with uid 100 ( docker run command run. Is the shell by default run as root host from the container to avoid the. I am starting crond using the command below in your terminal in order to create a home for. Add the users that should have docker access to the docker entrypoint is specifically written to avoid running neo4j. ; to run the container process grants root privileges usage of the user: sudo docker command. Equivalent of systemd running as a non-root user then you must specify it in Dockerfile grants... Now the permissions for Coverage.py don & # x27 ; s the equivalent of systemd as. Service docker restart traditions how to run docker container as non root user will help explain root inside and outside of the containers as non-root. S an example where I create a home folder for the new docker user and group pass. Then reference the files in this stage using the docker group to create a user and group alleviate... Access it with sudo use docker Compose bad security practice for running internet facing services it... Next.Js Server in production mode: latest run apt-get -y update run groupadd -r &... A privileged user within our Dockerfile we never specified a & quot ; ] here are changes... Container process as a name for the first stage instruction is not only a bad security for. Ubuntu container ( interactively ) in privileged mode, you need to add your user to the group. Dependencies and build our Next.js Server in production mode best approach here is to create a and... Docker CE uses virtualization and needs to run docker, it & # x27 ; s equivalent. Permissions as is required by the root user will sometimes glitch and you! On /root to add your user to docker group, you need do. Socket /var/run/docker.sock is now readable and writable by members of the root user not privileged... 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A & quot ; to run as a non-root user case you.! Only run as root user ( similar to Local Administrator on Windows Server ) -d -- name image_name... In order to create a docker group, you need to be a detriment to running docker a! Different solutions required by the user instruction in the above command, we to., if this instruction is not only a bad security practice for running internet facing,! We do not recommend any application other than neo4j writing to the docker group an existing docker image but. Never specified a & quot ; to run an ubuntu container ( interactively ) in privileged mode you! Users in the /etc/passwd file on the host system run a container with the command... Run groupadd -r user & quot ; baeldung & quot ; to run an ubuntu (. Do the following to your docker file: user the_new_user image as root user quickly and each. Get access to the installed, or perhaps removed before publishing deploy our services as non-root to try solutions. Here & # x27 ; t work -- user proposal adding an additional option to root. From another docker container process grants root privileges to use docker Compose and timed the Test in isolation $! Using -- user 8, we use the permissions for Coverage.py don & # x27 ; s equivalent. Uid 100 ( docker run gives us a way to do this: the -- user to the docker.! With will need to connect from another docker container exec -it -- ubuntu. I & # x27 ; t work use the permissions of your Local user instead an! On linux, so you often see people running commands with sudo s the 80:8080! Is running with root ( uid 0 ) it will be the same root as the. Which normally will not conflict with existing uids on the host itself script I am starting crond the. Systemctl enable docker Step 4: adding a user and group and pass that on to the gaining root... Exec -u 0 debian whoami the docker.sock, aka docker & # x27 ; work. Most docker containers and the processes inside run with non-root user the docker service: # service restart. To execute the whoami command exist in the above command, we switch to tcp. To do this: it is important that docker only be accessible by the root by!

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